• This index was developed in 1495 elderly hospitalized individuals between 1993 and 1997 at the University Hospitals of Cleveland (mean age 81, 67% female, 60% white, 33% 1-year mortality)
• The index was internally validated in 1427 elderly hospitalized individuals between 1993 and 1997 at the Akron City Hospital (mean age 79, 61% female, 88% white, 28% 1-year mortality)
• This index was externally validated for 6 month risk mortality in 840 consecutively admitted participants to a hospital in Italy
• Discrimination: This risk calculator sorts patients who died from patients who lived correctly 79% of the time (c-statistic).
  
• Calibration: The model was well calibrated across all risk levels, with less than 10% difference between estimated and actual mortality rates
• Citation: Walter LC, Brand RJ, Counsell SR, Palmer RM, Landefeld CS, Fortinsky RH, Covinsky KE. Development and validation of a prognostic index for 1-year mortality in older adults after hospitalization. JAMA 2001;285:2987-2994.
• Independent Validation Citation: Rozzini R, Sabatini T, Trabucchi M. Prediction of 6 month mortality among older hospitalized adults. JAMA. 2001;286(11):1315-1316.

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